Leaking Secrets from Air-Gap Computers by Spelling Radio Signals from RAM

Researchers have demonstrated a novel attack called RAMBO that can extract secrets from air-gapped computers (systems isolated from networks) by having malware generate radio signals from the computer's RAM. Using software-defined radio and off-the-shelf antennas, attackers can intercept and decode these signals from a distance to steal sensitive data like encryption keys, files, and biometric information at speeds up to 1000 bits per second.