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A security researcher successfully factored 512-bit RSA keys from E-Certify, a Canadian certificate authority from 1999 that was trusted by Netscape browsers, using a desktop computer running CADO-NFS factorization software for approximately 32 and 29 hours per key. The demonstration highlights how cryptographic standards have evolved, as 512-bit RSA was already considered weak at the time and was deprecated long ago, with modern systems now requiring at least 2048-bit keys.
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